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  • Feb 25, 2022
  • 4 min read

This week we discuss:

  1. Platform preaching Trump’s Truth

  2. Democratic backsliding in Mali

  3. Genderwashing

Platform preaching Trump’s Truth

What happened? Truth Social, Donald Trump’s social media platform (that bears a curious resemblance to Twitter), is now available on Apple’s App Store. The launch of the app raises questions around free speech, political power, and big tech.

What does it mean?

The launch of Truth Social marks Trump’s return to social media after he was removed from most sites following the Capitol insurrection. The former President is aiming to attract both his personal followers and a wider audience of people who feel that their views are being suppressed by Silicon Valley.

Aside from its rocky launch – with users still unable to register – there are several other issues with the app, including the origin of its funding. Despite plans to list in New York, how Truth Social is currently funding its growth remains unclear.

More importantly, the launch of the platform will likely reignite debates surrounding free speech and the authority that tech firms have when it comes to censoring certain content. There have been other apps, such as Rumble, Gettr or Parler that have positioned themselves as censorship free – but they have frequently been removed from and reinstated to Apple’s app store due to failure to deal with dangerous hate speech.

Unlike the backers behind those apps, Trump wields significant political power. Ahead of another potential run for The White House, where he will continue to attack the credibility of America’s democratic process and its institutions, Silicon Valley should be wary of giving Trump any cheap ammo by interfering with Truth Social.

Besides, like most of Trump’s businesses, it will likely be another shoddy half-baked project that joins ‘Trump Steaks’ and ‘Trump University’ on the scrap heap.

Democratic backsliding in Mali

What happened?

The Mali parliament has approved a five-year democratic transition plan despite promises to hold an election this month. 

What does it mean?

The Mali military-dominated parliament has approved a delay to national elections, originally promised in February 2022, citing security concerns. The legislation was passed by 120 votes out of 121.

The news follows the withdrawal of French troops from the region earlier this month. Since 2013, French troops have been engaged in a counter-terrorism operation against al-Qaeda and Islamic State insurgents who control vast swathes of the country. Despite the French and UN presence, thousands of lives have been claimed by the violence and two million have been displaced.

The final straw for the French appeared to be the Mali government’s association with the Wagner group, a Russian private army with links to the Kremlin. The French foreign minister Jean-Yves Le Drian claimed that the involvement of around 1000 members of the Wagner group in Mali was “incompatible” with a French presence. Germany has since said that they too are “sceptical” about allowing its contingent of 1500 to remain in the area.

The French withdrawal and wider European reluctance in the face of Russian aggression is poignant when set against the backdrop of escalating tensions in Europe, where Russian expansionism has been met with half-hearted sanctions from Western states.

Perhaps if Western states had been more committed to the defence of democracy and independence in Mali, then Putin may have been less willing to test these principles in Ukraine. It is imperative that Western states do not forget their responsibilities to ex-colonies and resist Russian aggression in all forms.

Genderwashing

What happened?  The Government has launched a new plan to tackle the distinct lack of women in top executive positions, hoping to see listed companies have at least one woman in a senior board position by 2025.

What does it mean?

As things currently stand, 39% of all board positions at blue-chip companies are held by women, a significant improvement from just 12.5% a decade ago. This figure, however, doesn’t necessarily show the full picture.

Despite nearly 4 in 10 of UK FTSE 100 board positions being held by women, over 45% of these roles are in non-executive positions, such as human resources. Out of the 414 women who held board roles, 385 of these were in non-executive positions, and just 29 women held executive director positions at the UK’s biggest firms last year.

There remains an unmistakable lack of women in top executive board positions; latest figures show that there are 164 companies across the FTSE 350 that do not have a woman in any top four roles – equivalent to 46.9% of all listed UK businesses.

In light of this, the government is pushing a new campaign to boost gender diversity at the top of British businesses without calling for mandatory quotas. The FTSE Women Leaders Review has set a voluntary goal for companies to have at least one woman in one of four key leadership positions: board chair, senior independent director, chief executive, and finance director, by 2025.

Whilst not an overly ambitious target, given that 72 FTSE 350 companies are still falling short of the existing target for women to fill 33% of board positions, there are questions being asked as to whether such ‘voluntary’ targets will go far enough in addressing the gaping inequality that still exists in the boardroom.

This Week’s Must Reads

  1. “Labour’s fight to capitalise on Boris Johnson’s scandals” by Jim Pickard et al for The Financial Times

  2. “Putin puts China in a bind” by Stuart Law for Politico

  3. “Russia’s invasion of Ukraine changes everything” by Jeremy Cliffe for The New Statesman

  4. “Sunak sets out his stall as the heir to Thatcher” by Iain Martin for The Times

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  • Feb 18, 2022
  • 4 min read

In this week’s digital digest we look at the FCA’s clampdown on ‘buy now, pay later’ companies and fears AI technologies are accentuating racial bias.

We then take a look at big tech as Amazon tries to stave off the unionisation of warehouse workers in the US and the EU takes on Big Tech in space.

Closer To Home

FCA orders refunds over ‘buy now, pay later’

Klarna, Clearpay, Laybuy and Openpay ‘buy now, pay later’ (BNPL) firms have been told that some of the terms given to customers in their contracts are unfair and unclear. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) found that the four firms were in breach of its rules. The ruling means that some customers may be due refunds.

The fintech firms have agreed to make amendments to problems found by the FCA by making contract cancellations and payments easier to understand for customers. In penance the firms have also agreed to offer refunds on late payments in some instances where customers were charged falsely.

Last year, Citizens Advice warned that one in ten BNPL customers were being pursued by debt collectors. They claimed that customers were, in some cases, unaware of the risks involved for some of their purchases. 

The Treasury recently agreed to introduce proportionate regulation of the industry. The FCA has said it will consult with the government on how to move forward with rule changes as they look to bring the BNPL industry more firmly under their regulatory umbrella. The FCA’s move is a sign that the wind is changing direction and could lead to a safer environment for consumers.

Rise of the racist robots prompts artificial intelligence upgrades

The Bank of England is launching a campaign to make sure that new technologies do not negatively affect ethnic minorities. The bank will publish findings on how AI algorithms are used in digital markets. Discrimination in artificial intelligence is becoming a hot topic in the tech world with increasing concern from regulators that relying on AI could lead to backwards steps in the fight to ensure that a consumers’ race or gender has no impact on their ability to utilise goods and services.

The Bank of England’s campaign follows an industry roundtable with banks in October 2021, the Bank’s deputy governor David Ramsden sent a warning to ensure that “human judgement and oversight” had no impact on decisions.

Various Big Tech firms have faced intense scrutiny after revelations on negative racial bias, including Amazon and Twitter. In the UK, the result of a court case involving Uber is due next month. The case was brought by an employee who has alleged that an AI facial recognition software was unable to identify him due to his race. These scandals have led the Competition and Markets Authority to scrutinise algorithms of tech giants to a greater degree to make sure that they are not targeting certain demographics unfairly. The CMA is also due to publish its findings in the coming months. 

US Amazon warehouse workers prepare for historic union vote

The US Labour Regulator has given a second chance for an Amazon warehouse in Alabama to be the first Amazon facility in the US to unionise after the original 2021 election result was overturned due to unfair interference by the tech giant. Other big US companies, including Starbucks and Target are also fighting union drives, a movement that could symbolise a shift in American politics with many moving to the left due to growing wealth inequality. Americans’ are now almost more supportive of unions than ever before

Some are more confident that this second vote could result in a win for the workers but Amazon is reportedly battling to ensure this vote also fails. The company is reportedly employing scare tactics to influence its workers with over half of the current staff being new to the company and having therefore not participated in 2021.

The move to unionise could be a response to the huge growth of the tech giant, whose net sales increased by 38% in 2020, hiring over 500,000 additional employees. The benefits of this growth have not been felt proportionately by the workers, despite seeing the high profile escapades of CEO Jeff Bezos. With polling suggesting that support for organised labour hitting 65%, the winds of change are picking up.

EU to take on SpaceX and Amazon with its own satellite internet system

The EU’s proposals for a multibillion satellite internet system have come under fire from the EU’s own watchdog. The trade Bloc plans to compete with the likes of SpaceX and Amazon with its initiative to provide encrypted broadband coverage. The European Commission’s Regulatory Scrutiny Board believes the scheme would be a waste of money, however, and has criticised the lack of exploration of alternative options.

The signal from the new Secured Communications Initiative would be encrypted and provide a back-up in case of cyber attacks. It would be offered to Africa as well as European nations, in order to give Europe’s Southern neighbour an alternative to Chinese-built infrastructure. The EUs internal market commissioner, Thierry Breton, stressed the need for an encrypted, sovereign system that governments and businesses can use, independent of America and China.

A public-private partnership will be used to get businesses to provide €2bn of the initial investment. One EU diplomat believes the plan will receive approval despite being rejected twice and seeing some reservations from member states.

Also In The News

  1. HMRC seizes NFTs for the first time as a result of a VAT fraud investigation, with suspects accused of attempting to defraud the tax collector of £1.4m. See here.

  2. Norfolk County Council is attempting to sue Apple over comments made by CEO Tim Cook, alleging that he misled stakeholders. See here.

  3. Elon Musk donated $5.74bn in Tesla shares to an unnamed charity last year, analysts claim it could be for tax benefit. See here.

  4. Uber is raising its prices in London after a High Court defeat imposes VAT on rides, this could eventually lead to changes in the wider UK. See here.

  5. Airbnb’s summer bookings figures signal recovery of the travel industry with expectation that numbers could return to pre-pandemic levels in the current quarter. See here.

Worth A Read

  1. Wired: Get Ready for Cyber-Attacks on Global Food Supplies

  2. Times: Youtube cashes in with advertisements on Covid misinformation videos

  3. Daily Telegraph: Beware: crypto fraudsters are here to stay

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  • Feb 18, 2022
  • 4 min read

Photo by Solen Feyissa on Unsplash

This week we discuss:

  1. Paranoid Android

  2. Achieving Fusion: Written in the Stars?

  3. Trouble in Paradise

Paranoid Android

What happened?

Google announced that companies and advertisers will no longer be able to track adverts across other apps on Android, in a move that will likely inflict a significant blow to Meta’s advertising business. What does it mean?

This is a reminder of how big tech companies heavily rely on one another for user data. What’s more, the fact that it has taken self-regulation, rather than action by competition authorities, to reduce the scope of this practice is illustrative of how competition law has failed to protect consumers and create a competitive marketplace.

Google is planning to eliminate the individual user IDs that allowed companies and advertisers to follow users across applications and platforms, which made it possible to create targeted ads.

As the Financial Times noted, Android users have been able to opt out of sharing their IDs since June 2021. According to Meta, last year’s change had already resulted in $10bn worth of lost revenue, but since this latest announcement their share price has dropped by 2.38%.

Last week, Under the Radar looked at the dual regulatory headaches Meta is currently experiencing in both the UK and Europe relating to online harms and the locations in which they store user data. Yet both are largely to do with compliance; in other words, they do not threaten the entire ecosystem where Meta operates and drives its revenue.

Nick Clegg may no longer be working in politics, but the company of which he is now Head of Global Affairs is swinging from crisis to crisis faster than Boris Johnson’s Number Ten.

Achieving Fusion: Written in the Stars?

What happened?

The previous world record for energy released by fusion reactions has been doubled in the latest step towards “harnessing the power of the stars”.

What does it mean?

Researchers working on the Oxfordshire-based Joint European Torus (JET) machine have achieved a major milestone in making fusion a viable and clean energy source for the future. The JET machine ran for five seconds, which may not seem like long, however during this time it was able to produce the equivalent output of four onshore wind turbines.

Crucially, the experiment demonstrated that the fuel used in the reaction could be burned in a sustainable manner and is proof that if you can stabilise a fusion reaction, it can provide power in perpetuity. However, the timeline for achieving commercial use is in its infancy and fusion is very much a solution for the second half of this century.

However, the timeline for achieving commercial use is in its infancy and fusion is very much a solution for the second half of this century.

That’s why our current energy needs require action now. COP26 was more than three months ago and as the government has lurched from crisis to crisis, it appears that momentum has almost entirely stalled. At a minimum, clarity is needed now for budgets to decarbonise the energy grid by 2035.

If Boris Johnson truly wants to restore some confidence in his ability to deliver on his agenda, he should refocus his efforts on the pledges he made last year. The solutions available to us today are not being deployed or utilised to their full potential, and if this continues, the ground-breaking breakthrough in nuclear fusion means little.

Trouble in Paradise

What happened?

Trouble in paradise is brewing for the SNP and their coalition partners the Scottish Greens over Nicola Sturgeon’s backing of freeports in Scotland. What does it mean?

In the first major split between the two parties since a power-sharing deal was signed late last summer, the Scottish Greens slammed the SNP’s decision to back two new green freeports in the country. The Scottish government signed a £52m deal with the UK government that will see them receive two “green freeports” by 2023. Any consortium submitting a bid must pledge that they will reach net zero by 2045, and that local communities will benefit from the plans.

However, in a scathing review of the plans, the Scottish Greens claimed it would lead to “greenwashing” and insisted that the party would have nothing to do with the plans.

The Greens also criticised freeports for creating more regional inequalities, failing to deliver on promised job opportunities and causing more money laundering and smuggling, in addition to giving large multinational corporations a tax break at the expense of the public purse.

Such a public spat will put Nicola Sturgeon, who has uncharacteristically supported the UK Government in this move, in a difficult decision. The freeports model was also denounced by SNP members at a party conference, potentially putting the SNP leader on a collision course with her own members.

Nicola Sturgeon has shown time and time again that she is a political figure able to weather a storm, but with the rise of the Greens across the UK, and the SNP’s reliance on the party for an independence majority in the Scottish Parliament, this is a potentially huge political headache.

This Week’s Must Reads

  1. “How Unilever’s tea business became a test of private equity’s conscience” by Andres Schipani, Judith Evans and Kaye Wiggins for The Financial Times

  2. “The Ukraine crisis shows “Global Britain” can’t afford to turn its back on Europe” by Andrew Marr for the New Statesman

  3. “The Times view on the monarchy’s perils: Royals at Bay” editorial in The Times

  4. “The fall of Cressida Dick gives us the opportunity to truly reform Britain’s police” by Abimbola Johnson for The Guardian

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